Adult Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis Associated with a Falsely Positive HIV Elisa Test

Mervat Wahba, Diana Alsbrook,

Abstract

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an acute disorder of the central nervous system that follows an infection or vaccination. It is a non-vasculitic inflammatory condition resulting in perivascular edema, inflammation, and demyelination that bears resemblance to multiple sclerosis. The diagnosis of ADEM can be challenging since there is a wide set of alternative diagnoses, including opportunistic infections, vasculitis, and central nervous system lymphoma.