Review Article
Takashi Nakaoka1, Ram B Sin
Abstract
There is evidence that various social markers of health can influence the levels of physical inactivity, dietary\r\npatterns, salt intake, alcohol consumption, tobacco use, and stress. These behavioral risk factors may be also\r\ncalled primary risk factors of NCDs. Apart from these social determinants of health, high altitude, geomagnetic\r\nactivity and sleep disruption are other environmental factors which can predispose circadian variability in biological functions resulting in NCDs. The attributes of socioeconomic economic status, such as education, health education, occupation, household income, and availability of automobiles, are important indicators of lifestyle and food consumption patterns. These social markers can influence the levels of physical activity, dietary patterns, salt intake, alcohol consumption and tobacco use, which are important in the pathogenesis of non-communicable diseases (NCDs).\r\n